Bariatric surgery improves metabolism and inflammation in severe obesity and is associated with gut microbiota modifications. However, the role of the gut microbiota in inducing these beneficial changes is controversial in part because the surgery may not fully restore microbial balance. Recent research has attempted to disentangle the complex relationship as well as elucidate a […]
A Role for Probiotics in Mastitis?
Despite the considerable health benefits of breastfeeding, initiation and duration rates continue to fall short of international guidelines. Acute mastitis is one of the main reasons why women stop breastfeeding. While antibiotics are frequently prescribed for this painful breast condition, their safety during lactation is a concern, as is the problem of antibiotic resistance. A […]
Individual Response to Prebiotics Varies
By the current definition, a prebiotic is “a substrate that is selectively utilized by host microorganisms conferring a health benefit.” A fiber-rich diet —containing non-digestible carbohydrates and other substrates such as polyphenols — as well as supplements containing such compounds are thought to provide much of our prebiotic needs. FYI: For a concise overview of […]
Prebiotics in a Nutshell
Throughout human history, beneficial microbes have adapted to thrive on specific substances in the food we eat. Yet only in the past few decades have scientists homed in on which substrates —and underlying mechanisms of action—are used to best nourish them. The concept of “prebiotics” has since expanded into a new category with heightened importance […]
Can Probiotics Affect Decision-Making?
Following your gut instincts is one way of making decisions. Now emerging research suggests that the gut may be more involved in decision-making than previously thought. Choices may be influenced by microbial mechanisms in the gut. Whether or not those decisions are prudent may actually depend partly on gut microbiota. The proper ecological balance of […]
Traumatic Brain Injury & Gut Microbes
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global public health issue affecting many millions each year. Management requires an understanding of both the primary brain injury and the secondary sequelae that affect peripheral organs, including the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The gut-brain axis is composed of bidirectional pathways between the gut and brain, hence TBI-induced neuroinflammation and […]